As artificial intelligence generates answers instantly, education must shift from knowledge to judgment. This essay explores how universities should redesign curricula to focus on problem definition, critical thinking and responsibility in an age where knowing is no longer enough.
Education
Education shapes the knowledge, skills and institutions that enable societies to adapt, innovate and navigate economic and technological change.
Artificial intelligence is breaking the link between effort, output and understanding. As essays and exams become less reliable signals, universities must rethink assessment—not as a measure of performance, but as a way to reveal how students actually think.
Across Europe, education is increasingly shaping not only knowledge but identity. As classrooms navigate between national traditions and European values, they become spaces where the self is both reflected and formed—raising questions about autonomy, belonging and the nature of education.
Across Europe, education is increasingly focused on shaping the self. As identity, wellbeing and citizenship enter the classroom, a new tension emerges between guidance and autonomy—raising questions about whether the self is discovered, or quietly constructed.
As artificial intelligence and economic volatility reshape work and knowledge, education can no longer function as a one-time phase. This final essay argues for a new social contract—redefining education as continuous infrastructure that sustains capability, trust, and societal resilience.






