For years, the security debate around 5G has been dominated by reassuring words: encryption, zero trust, secure by design. Telecom vendors, regulators and operators alike have emphasized that modern mobile networks are mathematically robust, cryptographically sound and architecturally resilient.
Strategy Governance
Security and strategic governance shape how states and institutions respond to geopolitical risks, emerging threats and the protection of critical infrastructure.
Salesforce’s introduction of Agentforce 360 marks a new phase in the evolution of artificial intelligence inside organisations. Rather than positioning AI as a standalone automation layer, the concept of the “Agentic Enterprise” frames AI agents as collaborators: systems designed to support employees in decision-making, coordination and execution. While this approach is technologically ambitious, its European rollout reveals challenges that go far beyond software adoption.
The global race for artificial intelligence (AI) has often been framed as a competition between the United States and China. But quietly, Europe is staking its own claim. The continent does not want to rely on foreign AI systems, whose code and decision-making remain opaque. Europe’s goal is clear: AI that is powerful, transparent and built to European standards.
Europe’s quest for digital sovereignty is no longer a theoretical debate; it is a pressing strategic challenge. The continent, with its long history of innovation and strong governance, must ask itself: can it build a digital future on its own terms or has it already ceded too much control to global tech giants? This question is not only about technology—it is about Europe’s ability to protect its values, its institutions and its citizens in a world dominated by digital networks.
Europe is entering a phase it has avoided for decades: the acceleration of defence innovation driven by artificial intelligence. What was once a patchwork of slow-moving national programs is shifting into a coordinated response to geopolitical pressure, battlefield realities and NATO-level technology standards. The continent is not rearming in the old sense—it is rewiring its defence thinking for an age where software, autonomy and data matter as much as hardware.
France approaches artificial intelligence not merely as a technological tool, but as an instrument of national power. Unlike Germany’s industrial pragmatism or the UK’s research-driven model, France explicitly positions AI as a lever for European sovereignty, both economically and strategically. From the government-backed Mistral AI initiative to Thales’ defence applications, Paris is asserting that Europe can—and must—control its own AI destiny
